The assessment
How it scores, by category
Market position
The data
N-type TOPCon module
Produces DC electricity at the roof. It contains no system-level power conversion or storage.
- Product role
- None in the module.
- Published range
- 430–455 W
- Electrical layer
- DC module output
- Construction
- Bifacial, Dual-glass
Performance guarantee: 30-year linear output
Wattage figure based on the sourced rated power (455 W) applied to the guaranteed floor; modular/format differences aside, this is the same rated-power spec shown above.
Modelled effective output, year by year
Year 1 to year 25, at 30°C and 1000 W/m². Rated 455 W at STC.
How this is modelled
Compounds this panel’s own published first-year (1%) and annual (0.4%/yr) degradation figures against its 455 W rated (STC) output, then derates for the ambient and irradiance selected. Output is scaled roughly linearly with irradiance (1000 W/m² against the 1000 W/m² STC reference). This is the dominant real-world effect at low light, whether from cloud, shading or soiling. Output is then further derated for heat, from this panel’s own NOCT (43°C) and temperature coefficient (-0.29%/°C), giving an estimated cell temperature of 59°C at that ambient and irradiance. A datasheet-derived estimate, not a field measurement or a warranty guarantee: it does not account for this panel’s own low-light efficiency response (a separate, less-consistently-published spec), or for wind and system design. See NOCT and temperature coefficient in the glossary.
Control panel
| Year | 1 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Watts | 406 W | 400 W | 392 W | 383 W | 375 W | 367 W |
| % of rated | 89.3% | 87.9% | 86.1% | 84.3% | 82.5% | 80.6% |
Verification & sources
Market context
Global evidencechange in the site menu
Global benchmark. This scorecard is benchmarked globally. A global score does not imply local availability, certification, warranty coverage, or installer compatibility.
Benchmark anchor. The score is anchored to the highest published rating in this exact series. Scored model: HSM-ND48-DR430~455 · checked 2026-08-21. Evidence.
Sources & references · checked 2026-09-22
Strong evidence coverage
26 of 26 scored criteria link directly to a published source.
Values marked estimated, derived, or not found remain visible on the audit sheet and do not carry the same evidential weight as a linked source. Coverage measures direct links, not an independent guarantee that a claim is correct.
How far the evidence reaches
- OutputManufacturer claim10 rows
- EnduranceThird-party source1 of 6 rows beyond claim
- SafetyNot assessed for panels
- Warranty & backingManufacturer claim5 rows
- FitManufacturer claim3 rows
- FootprintManufacturer claim2 rows
Rings, outside in: manufacturer claim, certified or regulator-listed, third-party source. The centre is review.solar's own measurement, empty for every product today. How the evidence puzzle works
Record revision. TCL exact combined sheet and official brochure rechecked 2026-08-23; fire and degradation are linked and unsupported MBB detail withheld. The undated, unversioned source limitation remains explicit. First-market US overlay review 2026-09-01: official United States catalogues recorded; existing Australian and German overlays and scores unchanged. NMOT 43 +/- 2 C and conditional warranty assignment joined on 2026-09-20.
- Sourced valuesData card →
- Warranty summary25-year product warranty →
Show 8 more
- Archived copy of the primary sourcePDF ↗
- Verified reliabilityIndependent test ↗
- Verified reliabilityIndependent test ↗
- Carbon footprint / EPDIndustry report ↗
- Financial strength & warranty backingIndustry report ↗
- Manufacturing track recordManufacturer ↗
- AwardsManufacturer ↗
- Independent energy yieldIndependent test ↗
Help strengthen this record
These are published evidence gaps, not private submissions. A source is reviewed under the same methodology whether it comes from a reader, installer or manufacturer.
- Independent energy yieldNot stated in reviewed documentsThe public documents reviewed for this record do not state this value. A published or independent source is requested.Offer a source
- PID (IEC TS 62804)Not stated in reviewed documentsThe public documents reviewed for this record do not state this value. A published or independent source is requested.Offer a source
- Salt mist (IEC 61701)Not stated in reviewed documentsThe public documents reviewed for this record do not state this value. A published or independent source is requested.Offer a source
- Ammonia resistance (IEC 62716)Not stated in reviewed documentsThe public documents reviewed for this record do not state this value. A published or independent source is requested.Offer a source
Product record history
2 earlier entries recorded source rechecks rather than changes to the published figures, and are not listed here. Every entry remains in the evidence record.
4 changes to this record · 23 products changed in this update
Verified reliability
- Before
- Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered
- After
- Top Performer (current/partial)
Verified reliability: Evidence sources
- Before
- https://scorecard.pvel.com/manufacturers/
- After
- https://scorecard.pvel.com/manufacturers/; https://scorecard.pvel.com/top-performers/
6 changes to this record · 8 products changed in this update
US Support Note
- Current text
- tclsolar.com/us, /usa and /north-america return 404 on 7 October 2026, which is a fetch outcome and not evidence about availability. TCL's resource library lists documents for Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Oceania only. Its distributor page lists no distributor under a United States heading; it lists a Puerto Rico distributor under Latin America, and the list is not model specific. The California Energy Commission PV module list (data unchanged since 1 October 2026) has no TCL, Huansheng or HSM-ND48 row; absence from that list does not show the module is not sold in the United States. United States availability, approval and warranty for HSM-ND48-DR430~455 are not publicly established, and the EMEA, Australian and global documents are not transferred onto a US overlay.
The previous text is not reproduced here: both versions run to a full research paragraph. Both are in the JSON record linked below.
US market evidenceAU market evidence+2 in JSON recordAU Evidence sources
- Before
- https://cer.gov.au/document/cec-approved-pv-modules-0; https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources
- After
- https://cer.gov.au/document/cec-approved-pv-modules-0; https://pub-72985f516cf4462ebe2c3d69275b4a1e.r2.dev/warranties/emea/au/AU_TCL%20Solar_T5%20Pro_C2_Warranty.pdf; https://pub-72985f516cf4462ebe2c3d69275b4a1e.r2.dev/warranties/row/AU_TCLSolar_module_warranty_May26_RES.pdf; https://pub-72985f516cf4462ebe2c3d69275b4a1e.r2.dev/warranties/row/TCL-TC~1.PDF; https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf; https://www.tclsolar.com/distributors; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources
AU Support Note
- Current text
- Related 435-450 W bins are regulator-listed, but the exact 455 W scored model is absent. TCL's Australian and New Zealand resource library lists a residential T Class 48 datasheet for HSM-ND48-DR430~450 (450 W maximum, power sorting 0 to +3 W, version HC-N-HSM2025-0101-EN-AU) and a residential warranty naming DR435 to DR450; neither names HSM-ND48-DR455. TCL SunPower (SunPower Corporation Australia Pty Ltd) is the local warranty contact under clause 2.3 for the named models. TCL lists Australian distributors on its distributor page, but that list is not model specific. Exact Australian availability of the 455 W bin is not publicly established.
The previous text is not reproduced here: both versions run to a full research paragraph. Both are in the JSON record linked below.
AU market evidencePrimary datasheet+5 in JSON recordAU Warranty scope
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- TCL Solar's Australian residential module warranty (May 2026 edition effective 26 May 2026; July 2026 edition effective 1 July 2026), provided by TCL Zhonghuan Energy Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd and administered in Australia by SunPower Corporation Australia Pty Ltd (TCL SunPower), names HSM-ND48-DR435, DR440, DR445 and DR450 in its clause 1.5 warranty table with 25 years product coverage and 30 years power coverage. It does not name HSM-ND48-DR455, so no Australian warranty term is established for the exact 455 W model.
US Evidence sources
- Before
- https://www.tclsolar.com/resources; https://www.tclsolar.com/us
- After
- https://solarequipment.energy.ca.gov/Home/DownloadtoExcel?filename=PVModuleList; https://www.tclsolar.com/distributors; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources; https://www.tclsolar.com/us
AU Certifications
- Before
- The current CER export lists HSM-ND48-DR435, 440, 445 and 450 through 18 June 2028 under certificate holder Huansheng Photovoltaic (Jiangsu) Co Ltd; exact HSM-ND48-DR455 is absent.
- After
- The CER approved PV module list lists HSM-ND48-DR435, DR440, DR445 and DR450 (IEC 61215-2021), approved 18 June 2025 and expiring 18 June 2028, under certificate holder Huansheng Photovoltaic (Jiangsu) Co Ltd. Exact HSM-ND48-DR455 is absent from both the export au-cer-module-2026-09-24-08f47c7c80b3 and the live file last modified 2 October 2026. The separate designation HSM-ND48-GR455 is listed to the same date and is not transferred to this record.
2 changes to this record · 49 products changed in this update
US Support Note
- Before
- tclsolar.com/us returns 404. No United States catalogue names HSM-ND48-DR430~455. The reviewed EMEA/APAC datasheet is not transferred onto a US overlay.
- After
- tclsolar.com/us returns 404. No United States catalogue names HSM-ND48-DR430~455. The reviewed EMEA/APAC datasheet is not transferred onto a US overlay. Re-audited 2026-09-22: this determination rests solely on the fetch failure recorded above, with no independently reachable regional catalogue, store or archived copy consulted. Downgraded to not_reviewed - unavailable was not confirmed, and this pass did not re-fetch to confirm available either.
10 changes to this record · 3 products changed in this update
Warranty transferability: Evidence status
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- sourced
Source revision
- Current text
- TCL exact combined sheet and official brochure rechecked 2026-08-23; fire and degradation are linked and unsupported MBB detail withheld. The undated, unversioned source limitation remains explicit. First-market US overlay review 2026-09-01: official United States catalogues recorded; existing Australian and German overlays and scores unchanged. NMOT 43 +/- 2 C and conditional warranty assignment joined on 2026-09-20.
The previous text is not reproduced here: both versions run to a full research paragraph. Both are in the JSON record linked below.
Primary datasheetWarranty transferability: Evidence sources
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- https://pub-72985f516cf4462ebe2c3d69275b4a1e.r2.dev/warranties/emea/de/EMEA_TCL_solar_dc_module_warranty_de_042026.pdf
NOCT (C): Evidence sources
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf
Warranty transferability
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- Transferable (buyer registration required within grace period)
5 changes to this record · 152 products changed in this update
US Support Note
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- tclsolar.com/us returns 404. No United States catalogue names HSM-ND48-DR430~455. The reviewed EMEA/APAC datasheet is not transferred onto a US overlay.
Source revision
- Before
- TCL exact combined sheet and official brochure rechecked 2026-08-23; fire and degradation are linked and unsupported MBB detail withheld. The undated, unversioned source limitation remains explicit.
- After
- TCL exact combined sheet and official brochure rechecked 2026-08-23; fire and degradation are linked and unsupported MBB detail withheld. The undated, unversioned source limitation remains explicit. First-market US overlay review 2026-09-01: official United States catalogues recorded; existing Australian and German overlays and scores unchanged.
US Evidence sources
- Before
- Not previously recorded
- After
- https://www.tclsolar.com/resources; https://www.tclsolar.com/us
1 change to this record · 5 products changed in this update
Model
- Before
- HSM-ND48-DR440 through HSM-ND48-DR460; scored model HSM-ND48-DR455
- After
- HSM-ND48-DR430~455
2 changes to this record · 9 products changed in this update
Model
- Before
- HSM-ND48-DR430~455
- After
- HSM-ND48-DR440 through HSM-ND48-DR460; scored model HSM-ND48-DR455
DE Certifications
- Before
- After
- IEC 61215, IEC 61730, fire class A under IEC 61730-2 and UL 790, and protection class II under IEC 61140 are published for HSM-ND48-DR440 through HSM-ND48-DR460, including the exact 455 W model.
5 changes to this record · 118 products changed in this update
Independent energy yield: Evidence sources
- Before
- https://scorecard.pvel.com/manufacturers/
- After
- https://scorecard.pvel.com/methodology/; https://scorecard.pvel.com/top-performers/; https://scorecard.pvel.com/wp-content/uploads/2022-PVEL-PV-Module-Reliability-Scorecard-Summary.pdf; https://scorecard.pvel.com/wp-content/uploads/2024-PV-Module-Reliability-Scorecard.pdf
Independent energy yield
- Before
- Brand or series yield-tested; exact model not covered
- After
- No public independent yield result found in reviewed sources
Independent energy yield: Evidence status
- Before
- sourced
- After
- reviewed_absence
8 changes to this record · 34 products changed in this update
Fire classification (IEC 61730): Evidence sources
- Before
- After
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf; https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf
Annual degradation (%/yr): Evidence sources
- Before
- After
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf; https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf
Source revision
- Before
- TCL official 48-cell family brochure and current resource library, rechecked 2026-08-01 Re-verification 2026-08-19: Verified reliability recorded as "Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered" under panel rubric v2.13.0, which added a band for brand or series evidence where the exact model is not covered by the third-party record. Re-verification 2026-08-20: Independent energy yield recorded as brand-or-series under panel rubric v2.14.0, which applied to this criterion the same exact-model rule v2.13.0 applied to Verified reliability. AU evidence closure 2026-08-21: CER lists 435-450 W family bins, but not the exact 455 W benchmark.
- After
- TCL exact combined sheet and official brochure rechecked 2026-08-23; fire and degradation are linked and unsupported MBB detail withheld. The undated, unversioned source limitation remains explicit.
Contact: Evidence sources
- Before
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf
- After
- No longer recorded
7 changes to this record · 6 products changed in this update
Salt mist (IEC 61701): Evidence sources
- Before
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf
- After
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf
AU Support Note
- Before
- TCL's current resource library places T Class 48 in its European range and publishes different T5 Pro and C2 families for Australia. Exact Australian sale, approval and warranty remain unproven.
- After
- Related 435-450 W bins are regulator-listed, but the exact 455 W scored model is absent. TCL's Australian resource library also does not publish the T Class 48 sale path or governing local warranty, so exact Australian availability remains unproven.
Source revision
- Current text
- TCL official 48-cell family brochure and current resource library, rechecked 2026-08-01 Re-verification 2026-08-19: Verified reliability recorded as "Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered" under panel rubric v2.13.0, which added a band for brand or series evidence where the exact model is not covered by the third-party record. Re-verification 2026-08-20: Independent energy yield recorded as brand-or-series under panel rubric v2.14.0, which applied to this criterion the same exact-model rule v2.13.0 applied to Verified reliability. AU evidence closure 2026-08-21: CER lists 435-450 W family bins, but not the exact 455 W benchmark.
The previous text is not reproduced here: both versions run to a full research paragraph. Both are in the JSON record linked below.
Primary datasheetAU Certifications
- Before
- After
- The current CER export lists HSM-ND48-DR435, 440, 445 and 450 through 18 June 2028 under certificate holder Huansheng Photovoltaic (Jiangsu) Co Ltd; exact HSM-ND48-DR455 is absent.
Ammonia resistance (IEC 62716): Evidence sources
- Before
- After
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf
AU Evidence sources
- Before
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources
- After
- https://cer.gov.au/document/cec-approved-pv-modules-0; https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-datasheet-en.pdf; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources
5 changes to this record · 65 products changed in this update
Source revision
- Current text
- TCL official 48-cell family brochure and current resource library, rechecked 2026-08-01 Re-verification 2026-08-19: Verified reliability recorded as "Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered" under panel rubric v2.13.0, which added a band for brand or series evidence where the exact model is not covered by the third-party record. Re-verification 2026-08-20: Independent energy yield recorded as brand-or-series under panel rubric v2.14.0, which applied to this criterion the same exact-model rule v2.13.0 applied to Verified reliability.
The previous text is not reproduced here: both versions run to a full research paragraph. Both are in the JSON record linked below.
Primary datasheetIndependent energy yield
- Before
- Field/PAN energy-yield validated
- After
- Brand or series yield-tested; exact model not covered
6 changes to this record · 31 products changed in this update
Verified reliability
- Before
- Top Performer (current/partial)
- After
- Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered
Source revision
- Before
- TCL official 48-cell family brochure and current resource library, rechecked 2026-08-01
- After
- TCL official 48-cell family brochure and current resource library, rechecked 2026-08-01 Re-verification 2026-08-19: Verified reliability recorded as "Brand or series independently tested; exact model not covered" under panel rubric v2.13.0, which added a band for brand or series evidence where the exact model is not covered by the third-party record.
9 changes to this record · 106 products changed in this update
Damp heat extended (2000h)
- Before
- 1000h IEC 61215 standard
- After
- No longer recorded
Awards: Evidence status
- Before
- reviewed_absence
- After
- No longer recorded
Damp heat extended (2000h): Evidence sources
- Before
- After
- No longer recorded
Awards: Evidence sources
- Before
- https://www.tcl.com/content/dam/brandsite/region/global/guangfu/residential-pv-system/document/tcl-residential-pv-system-brochure-en.pdf; https://www.tclsolar.com/resources
- After
- No longer recorded
Damp heat extended (2000h): Evidence status
- Before
- derived
- After
- No longer recorded
This is review.solar's publication history. It does not claim the product changed on the recorded date, and it excludes compatibility, system pairing, installation suitability and relative leaderboard prose. Open the complete JSON record.
Evidence timeline
Recorded verification events for this scorecard. These are evidence checks, not historical score snapshots.
- Core scorecard evidence checked
- US market evidence checked
- DE market evidence checked
- AU market evidence checked
- Series benchmark evidence checked
- Plain-language warranty summary checked
Scored by Solar Analytica Research
Further reading from Findings
Stay across the benchmark.
New scorecards, score changes and market signals, published as they happen.
Our reading
210R 48P scores 63, placing 32 of 66 in the Global Tier-1 class against a class average of 63.6. Its strongest scoring dimension is performance & degradation (73), above the class average of 72. Sustainability scores 48, the lowest pillar for this product. The class average on sustainability is 59. Underlying specifications include a module efficiency of 22.8%, N-type TOPCon cell technology, 15-year product warranty backed by a 30-year performance term.
Dietreich Farquharson · review.solar